Pengaruh Active Cycle Of Breathing Technique Terhadap Derajat Sesak Napas Pada Pasien Tuberculosis Paru di UPT Puskesmas Sentosa Baru

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease characterized by sputum accumulation in the airway, triggering ventilation impairment and dyspnea. Non-pharmacological management through chest physiotherapy is essential to clear the airway. This study aims to determine the effect of the Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT) on reducing dyspnea degree in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods: This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 15 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Dyspnea degree was measured using the Borg Scale before and after the intervention over 12 sessions, and analyzed using the wilcoxon test. Results: The mean pre-test dyspnea degree was 4.20, which decreased to 2.80 at the post-test. The wilcoxon statistical test showed a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Discussion: The reduction in dyspnea degree occurs because the synergy of ACBT cycles relaxes the airway, opens collateral alveoli, and promotes the mobilization of peripheral secretions toward the proximal airway for clearance, thereby optimizing pulmonary ventilation.