Analisa Hubungan Sikap Duduk, Berat Tas dan Jenis Kelamin terhadap Terjadinya Skoliosis pada Siswa/I SMP Negeri 2 Pancur Batu

Abstract

Scoliosis is a musculoskeletal disorder that often occurs in adolescents and can be affected by a variety of factors, including posture habits, school bag loads, and individual characteristics. Identification of risk factors is important to be carried out as the basis for prevention efforts from an early age in the school environment. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sitting posture, bag weight, and gender to the incidence of scoliosis in students of SMP Negeri 2 Pancur Batu. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample amounted to 80 students who were selected using stratified random sampling techniques. Data were collected through seated observation, bag weight measurement, gender identification, and scoliosis screening using the Adam's Forward Bend Test. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately using the Chi-square test, and multivariate using logistic regression with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed that bag weight was significantly related to the incidence of scoliosis (p<0.001; OR=7.426), while sitting posture (p=0.080) and gender (p=0.923) showed no significant relationship. The weight of the bag is the most dominant factor in the incidence of scoliosis in students. Bag weights that exceed the recommendations increase the risk of scoliosis in students. Therefore, ergonomic education, weight monitoring of school bags, and regular posture screening are needed as a promotive and preventive effort to maintain the health of the adolescent spine.