Hubungan Antara Tingkat Spastisitas dengan Kemampuan Motorik Anak Cerebral Palsy Spastik di Pusat Rehabilitasi Harapan Jaya Pematang Siantar

Abstract

Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by velocity-dependent muscle hypertonia, which severely hinders motor execution and functional independence in pediatric populations. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the level of spasticity and gross motor function among children with spastic CP at the Harapan Jaya Rehabilitation Center in Pematang Siantar, Indonesia. A quantitative observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 33 pediatric patients aged 4–12 years selected through purposive sampling. Spasticity was evaluated using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), while gross motor capacity was classified via the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). The cohort was predominantly characterized by spastic quadriplegia (81.8%), elevated spasticity grades (MAS Grade 4: 42.4%; MAS Grade 3: 36.4%), and severe motor limitation (GMFCS Level V: 72.7%). Spearman’s rank correlation test demonstrated a statistically significant, strong positive correlation between spasticity level and gross motor function impairment (r = 0.710, p < 0.001). These findings confirm that higher degrees of muscle hypertonia correlate directly with increased severity of gross motor limitation. This study contributes empirical evidence from a community-based rehabilitation setting, emphasizing the clinical necessity of combining spasticity-reduction strategies with task-specific gross motor functional training to optimize mobility and independence in children with severe spastic CP